I have a confusing questions

Notes
Two months ago into a design project the customer requested for a modification to the product
the changes were made without notifying the project manager
during the final testing the results were different than what wasplan for this senerio is the best example of which of the following

Poor scope control
poor adherence to communication managment plan
poor development to the quality managment plan
poor defination of test plan

the answer is poor scope control